List of incidents in the Turkey – Kurdistan Workers' Party conflict
The Turkey–Kurdistan Workers' Party conflict is between the Republic of Turkey and the militant ethnic separatist Kurdish guerrilla group.[1][2] The conflict is located in the Turkey and Northern Iraq. The campaign of armed violence began in 1978, the rural-based insurgency began in 1984 with the urban terrorism throughout this period. The campaign of armed violence has nearly stopped after Abdullah Öcalan's capture in 1999, but it started again in 2004.
Prior to 1999
- April 19, 1995 Turkish Troops and aircraft laid siege to Kurdish PKK rebels in eastern Turkey as Ankara's military offensive in northern Iraq entetered a fifth week, in the Alibogazi ravine area in Tunceli province.[3]
After 2004
- May 22, 2007: A suicide bombing hits Ankara, killing eight and wounding over 100. This attack was attributed to the PKK and the Turkish army decided to launch a military action against them.[4]
- May 31, 2007: The Turkish military announced they were prepared to launch an incursion into Iraq. Leader of Iraqi Kurdistan Massoud Barzani announced that the Peshmerga will defend itself in case of a Turkish incursion.
- June 2, 2007: American troops and civilians have withdrawn from all of Iraqi Kurdistan. Massoud Barzani again warns the Turkish military that any incursion will be fought against by the Peshmerga. An estimated 100,000 Turkish troops are mobilized on the border between Turkey and Iraq.
- June 4, 2007: A PKK grenade attack kills seven soldiers and wounds six at an army base in Tunceli.[5]
- June 5, 2007: There are reports of limited shelling and air strikes by the Turkish army attacking PKK bases in Iraqi Kurdistan.
- June 7, 2007: Several hundred Turkish troops cross into Iraq on a "hot pursuit" raid against Turkish rebels.[6] Turkey declares a three month martial law in Kurdish areas near the Iraq border and bans civilian flights to the area. It has been confirmed that 3 Turkish soldiers have been killed by a PKK landmine.[7]
- Oct 17, 2007: Turkish Grand National Assembly approves a government request for their troops to cross the Iraqi border to attack Kurdish rebels.[8][9] Action was delayed on request by the US government on the condition that "swift steps" were taken to deal with the militants.
- Oct 21, 2007: 12 Turkish troops killed in PKK ambush on their army post, less than three miles from the Iraq border.
- October 24, 2007: Turkish fighter jets bombed several PKK targets on the Iraqi side of the border.[10]
2008
- February 21, 2008: Turkey launches a ground incursion into northern Iraq, sending 10,000 troops across the border supported by air assets.[11] A total of 27 Turkish soldiers and 724 PKK militants are killed.
- October 1, 2008: One Turkish security force soldier was killed, with another one wounded, in an attack staged by PKK militants in southeastern Turkey.[13]
- October 4, 2008: Fifteen Turkish soldiers were killed, with another 20 also wounded, after a PKK attack from northern Iraq with the firing of heavy weapons at a military outpost in the Semdinli region bordering Iraq and Iran. At least 23 members of the PKK were also killed.[14]
A statement issued after an emergency meeting of the Counter Terrorism Higher Board, chaired by Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan, said: "Our struggle against terrorism will be pursued under all conditions and above all other concerns through effective cooperation between state bodies and every measure will be implemented with determination."[15]
The British foreign office said: "The United Kingdom utterly condemns Friday's terrorist attack in Hakkâri, Turkey. There can be no excuse for the use of violence to achieve one's aims. The UK stands shoulder-to-shoulder with Turkey in its fight against terrorism and strongly supports ongoing efforts between the Turkish and Iraqi authorities to prevent the PKK from using northern Iraq as a base from which to mount attacks against Turkey."[16][17]
The European Union also condemned the on the gendarmerie station in a statement released by the Union's French presidency, saying: "Europe expresses its complete solidarity with the Turkish authorities and offers its condolences to the families and friends of the victims."[18]
2009
- May 28, 2009: 6 Turkish soldiers were killed and 7 others were reportedly injured when their vehicle struck a landmine, in the Hakkâri Province of south-eastern Turkey.[19]
- December 7, 2009: Seven Turkish soldiers were killed and three wounded in an ambush in Resadiye, Northern Turkey. The gunmen are suspected Kurdish militants, but their identities have not yet been confirmed.
2010
- March 14, 2010: 1 Turkish soldier was killed and another soldier was injured during a clash with PKK militants, in the Hakkâri Province of south-eastern Turkey.[20]
- April 15, 2010: 1 Turkish soldier was killed and 2 were wounded during clashes in the Batman province.[21] In the Siirt Province 2 PKK militants were killed and 3 soldiers wounded.[22]
- April 19, 2010: 2 Turkish police officers were killed after suspected PKK militants opened fire upon their police patrol car with automatic weapons in the northern Turkish province of Samsun.[23]
- April 26, 2010: 1 Turkish soldier was killed and 2 others were reportedly wounded after a landmine detonated, as their military vehicle was crossing a bridge near to the town of Dereli within the Giresun province.[24]
- April 29, 2010: 2 Turkish soldiers were killed and another 3 other soldiers were wounded in a clash with PKK militants within the Hakkâri Province, in the south east of the country. These deaths and injuries come as the Turkish military launches a new military operation against PKK militants, in south eastern Turkey.[25]
- May 1, 2010: At least 4 Turkish soldiers were killed and another 7 others were apparently injured after PKK militants attacked a military command post within the Tunceli Province, in eastern Turkey.[26]
- May 2, 2010: 1 Turkish soldier was killed and one other soldier was reportedly wounded after PKK militants launched an attack upon a military command post within the Diyarbakır Province.[27]
- May 7, 2010: 2 Turkish soldiers and 5 PKK militants were killed in a clash, after Kurdish militants launched an overnight attack upon a military command post in the Daglica district, in the south-eastern Hakkâri Province. One other soldier was also reportedly injured in this engagement.[28]
- May 8, 2010: 2 Turkish soldiers were killed in two separate explosions, as they patrolled remote areas of both the Hakkâri Province and the Şırnak Province, which are border provinces of the country. Turkish special forces also pursued and killed at least 5 PKK militants, after they followed them into northern Iraq with helicopter gunships and drones. This Turkish incursion reportedly came as 2 other Turkish soldiers were killed by PKK militants, according to a military command website.[29]
- May 21, 2010: At least 4 PKK militants were killed when Turkish military aircraft attacked rebel targets inside northern Iraq. This incident has been proclaimed the largest government operation in more than a year, according to military officials in the country.[30]
- May 25, 2010: 1 child was killed and 4 other people were wounded after an unidentified explosive device detonated near a military barracks, in the Diyarbakır Province of south eastern Turkey.[31]
- May 26, 2010: 4 PKK militants were killed by Turkish security forces, in a military clash within the mountainous Tunceli Province, in eastern Turkey.[32]
- May 27, 2010: 1 Turkish soldier was killed and another 3 other soldiers were reportedly wounded after Turkish military forces clashed with PKK militants in the Şırnak Province, in south eastern Turkey near to the border with Iraq.[33]
- May 29, 2010: 2 Turkish soldiers and 3 state-backed village guards were killed in two separate clashes with PKK militants within the Şırnak Province, of south eastern Turkey. It has also been reported that 6 other people were wounded in these two clashes.[34]
- May 30, 2010: At least 2 Turkish soldiers, 3 village guardsmen, 1 private security guard and a PKK militant were killed in a series of clashes and attacks, which occurred in the Şırnak Province within the east of the country. It has also been reported that 3 other people were wounded in all of these incidents, engagements and clashes that occurred across the country.[35]
- May 31, 2010: Iskenderun, Turkey PKK terrorists launched a rocket attack against a Turkish naval base in the Mediterranean port city of Iskenderun, in southern Turkey. It was later reported that at least 6 Turkish soldiers were killed in this attack and that another 7 other soldiers were apparently wounded in this rocket assault.[36]
- June 2, 2010: 1 Turkish soldier was killed and at least 3 other soldiers were wounded after a clash occurred between security forces and PKK militants within the Hakkâri Province of south-eastern Turkey. It has also been reported that 2 PKK militants were also killed in this engagement with the security forces within this particular province in the south east of the country.[37]
- June 6, 2010: 3 PKK militants were killed in clashes with security forces within the Şırnak Province, which is located within eastern Turkey. This operation was launched after a roadside bomb blast was blamed on PKK militants however nobody was reportedly injured in this bombing.[38]
- June 8, 2010: A roadside bomb exploded next to a police vehicle within Turkey's largest city of Istanbul. In this explosion it was reported that up to 15 people were injured, as a result of this blast. PKK militants are being suspected, of carrying out this particular attack.[39]
- June 11, 2010: 1 Turkish soldier was killed and 14 other people were wounded after PKK militants launched two attacks against security forces within the Hakkâri Province and the Tunceli Province in the east of the country.[40]
- June 14, 2010: 1 Turkish soldier was killed and 4 others were wounded after security forces clashed with PKK militants in the Hakkâri Province, which is located near to the border with Iraq.[41]
- June 15, 2010: 1 Turkish soldier was killed and another 3 others were reportedly injured after an improvised explosive device exploded within the Şırnak Province, which is located within the east of the country.[42]
- June 16, 2010: 4 PKK militants were killed by Turkish security forces in an offensive across the border into northern Iraq. The Turkish military have also claimed that air strikes were also launched against rebel positions deeper inside the Iraqi territory.[43]
- June 19, 2010: At least 8 Turkish soldiers were killed and another 14 other soldiers were wounded in a clash with PKK militants at an outpost near the city of Semdinli, in the Hakkâri Province. It has been reported that this particular clash came as PKK militants launched a raid upon a Turkish outpost near to the city of Semdinli. It is known that 12 PKK militants were also killed in these subsequent clashes and that Turkish military aircraft later proceeded to bomb PKK militant positions in the north of Iraq.[44] Two further Turkish soldiers were killed when PKK militants trod on a land mine.[45]
- June 22, 2010: At least 5 people were killed and 12 others were injured after a remote-control bomb exploded near to a military convoy within Turkey's largest city in Istanbul. It was later reported that those killed consisted of 4 Turkish soldiers and 1 civilian, as both military personnel and civilians were present aboard this military bus. Another 12 others were also injured in this bombing, with two of those in a critical condition. This incident was later considered to be a terrorist attack and PKK militants are being considered as the most likely of perpetrators. At least 7 PKK militants and 1 Turkish soldier were killed in clashes within different areas and provinces of the country. It was also reported that two soldiers and three civilians had apparently been wounded in these clashes and that one PKK militant had been captured by the Turkish security forces in these operations.[46][47]
- June 24, 2010: 2 Turkish soldiers and 1 civilian were killed after PKK militants assaulted a group of villagers, as they returning home in the Elazığ Province, of eastern Turkey. It has been reported that four civilians and one Turkish soldier were also apparently wounded, as a result of this PKK militant ambush.[48]
- June 25, 2010: 2 PKK militants were killed by Turkish police after the Turkish security forces attacked their hideout after they had received a tip-off, in the eastern sectors of the country.[49]
- June 26, 2010: 1 PKK militant was killed and several others were wounded in a clash with the Turkish military within the Kars Province, which is located in the east of the country.[50]
- June 28, 2010: Turkish military warplanes bombarded PKK military positions in the Sidakan district of the Arbil province within the mountainous region of north-eastern Iraq. There were no accurate reports on the extent to how much damage or how many casualties were sustained in this renewed bombing campaign.[51]
- July 1, 2010: 2 Turkish soldiers, 3 government-allied militia and 12 PKK militants were killed in clashes near the town of Pervari within the Siirt Province, in south-eastern Turkey.[52]
- July 6, 2010: 3 Turkish soldiers and 13 PKK militants were killed in two separate incidents after Kurdish rebels attacked a Turkish military outpost and yet also attacked a Turkish military patrol, in both the Hakkâri Province and the Elazig Province within south-eastern Turkey. It was also reported that a total of nine Turkish soldiers were apparently injured in these two particular attacks towards the Turkish military within these two different provinces, which are located within the east and the south-eastern sectors of the country.[53]
- July 7, 2010: 1 Turkish soldier was killed and 2 other soldiers were injured after PKK militants launched an overnight attack upon a Turkish military outpost within the Batman Province, in south-eastern Turkey.[54]
- July 15, 2010: 1 Turkish soldier was killed and another soldier was reportedly injured, as a result of a explosive device detonation, which is suspected to have been staged by PKK militants within the Van Province of eastern Turkey.[55]
- July 20, 2010: 6 Turkish soldiers were killed and 15 other soldiers were reportedly injured after PKK militants launched an attack upon a on a military outpost, near to the town of Cukurca within the Hakkâri Province of south-eastern Turkey. It was also reported that 1 PKK militant was also reportedly killed in this attack upon the military outpost. It was later reported that one Turkish soldier was killed in a separate attack after his military unit was fired upon by PKK militants within the Van Province, of eastern Turkey. This latest attack brings the total number of Turkish soldiers to be killed in PKK militant attacks to seven on this particular day.[56][57]
- July 24, 2010: 4 Turkish soldiers were killed in a roadside bomb explosion near to the town of Doğubeyazıt within the Ağrı Province, of eastern Turkey. PKK militants are suspected of carrying out this particular bombing.[58]
- July 27, 2010: 4 Turkish police officers were killed after unidentified assailants launched an armed attack upon a police station in the town of Dortyol, which is located within the Hatay Province of south-eastern Turkey. PKK militants are suspected of carrying out this recent attack.[59]
- August 1, 2010: 4 Kurdish civilians (including BDP members) were killed after their vehicle struck a roadside bomb within the Batman Province of south-eastern Turkey. It is believed that PKK militants reportedly planted this explosive device, which killed all those within the vehicle.[60]
- August 3, 2010: 1 Turkish police officer and 3 PKK militants were killed after Kurdish militants attacked police buildings in the town of Eruh, which is located within the Siirt Province of south-eastern Turkey. It was also reported that 1 police officer was also apparently injured in these clashes within this town.[61]
- August 5, 2010: 1 Turkish soldier and 6 PKK militants were killed in military clashes between the two forces. In a separate incident, it was reported that 3 PKK militants were killed in the Hakkâri province within the south-east of the country in clashes with the Turkish military. Meanwhile it is also known that another 3 PKK militants were also apparently killed after they opened fire at a local governor's office within the eastern city of Van. In this clash, it was reported that 2 police officers apparently sustained injuries in this militant attack. It was reported that police also managed to confiscate explosives from a car near to the city of Diyarbakir, in south-eastern Turkey. It is known that 2 suspected PKK militants were reportedly detained by the authorities after this incident.[62]
- August 8, 2010: 3 Turkish soldiers were killed and 1 other police officer was apparently injured after PKK militants detonated an explosive device by remote near to Turkish security forces within the Mardin Province of south-eastern Turkey.[63]
- August 9, 2010: 5 PKK militants were killed in clashes with the Turkish military within the Batman Province of south-eastern Turkey. It was also reported that 2 Turkish soldiers were also reportedly injured during these military clashes.[64]
- August 10, 2010: 2 Kurdish civilians were killed and 1 other civilian was wounded after a suspected mine explosion detonated near to an oil pipeline within the Şırnak Province of south-eastern Turkey. PKK militants are suspected of carrying out this particular bombing.[65]
- August 24, 2010: 1 Turkish imam was shot dead after prayer in Hakkâri.[66] According to Hakkâri governor, assailants were identified as PKK members.[67]
- September 6, 2010: 1 imam from Şırnak was shot dead after prayer.[67]
- September 7, 2010: 1 Turkish soldier and 9 PKK militants were killed after clashes broke out after militants had raided a hydroelectric power plant within the Dinar Deresi region of the Tunceli province, which is located in eastern Turkey.[68]
- September 12, 2010: 1 Turkish soldier was killed in a landmine explosion within the Eruh district of the Siirt Province, in south-eastern Turkey. PKK militants are suspected over carrying out this particular landmine attack.[69]
- September 16, 2010: At least 9 Kurdish civilians were killed and 3 others were reportedly injured in a minibus blast, which is believed to have been caused by a suspected mine explosion that occurred near to the city of Hakkâri, in south-eastern Turkey. PKK militants are suspected of carrying out this particular bombing.[70]
2011
- March 15, 2011: 3 PKK militants who were noticed during a routine field scanning mission were killed.[71]
- April 2011: In Kahramanmaraş in Turkey's Mediterranean Region, three PKK militants were shot dead by security forces amidst protracted street protests.[72]
- May 2011: 12 PKK militants were killed while they were trying to pass the Turkish-Iraqi border.
- July 14, 2011: A PKK grenade starts a forest fire near Silvan that leaves 13 Turkish soldiers dead and seven injured.[73]
- July 24: Three Turkish soldiers are killed in an ambush near Ikipinar, in Mardin province.[74]
- August 1: An ambush in Baskale, Van, leaves three Turkish soldiers dead.[75]
- August 17: Nine soldiers and a village guard die in landmine blasts in Hakkâri province.[76][77]
- August 18: In response to the Hakkâri attack, Turkish F-16s launched attacks on PKK positions in northern Iraq. Turkey claimed to have hit 168 targets in Iraq, including in the Qandil Mountains.[78]
- September 21: PKK killed 4 Kurdish civilian women and wounded 2 others in Siirt by attacking a civilian vehicle. [79]
- October 19: PKK killed 24 Turkish soldiers during overnight attacks on military installations in Hakkâri province. [80] PKK lost 23 militants in the attack[81], and at least 49 more on the following operations by Turkish army.[82]
- December 30: 35 Kurdish civilians (probably smugglers), mostly teenagers, were killed by Turkish airforce jet bombardment on the Turkish-Iraqi Kurdistan border. The Turkish government offered compensation for the families of the killed,[83] who according to Turkish officials were mistakenly killed in airstrike, identifying them as PKK militants. Turkish President Erdogan expressed personal regret over the killing.[84]
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- ^ Turkish military attacks PKK camps in Iraq for 2nd day
- ^ http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/n.php?n=turkey-kurds--0920-08-2011-09-21
- ^ "PKK kills 24 Turkish troops, Ankara hits back". Reuters. 2011-10-19. http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/10/19/us-turkey-kurds-idUSTRE79I0YF20111019.
- ^ Hikmet Durgun; Remzi Budancir; Muzaffer Duru (20 October 2011). "Savaşa Aşıklarmış" (in Turkish). İstanbul: Taraf Gazetesi. http://www.taraf.com.tr/haber/savasa-asiklarmis.htm. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
- ^ Radikal (22 October 2011). "TSK: 2 günde 49 PKK'lı öldürüldü" (in Turkish). İstanbul: Radikal Gazetesi. http://www.radikal.com.tr/Radikal.aspx?aType=RadikalDetayV3&ArticleID=1067181&Date=22.10.2011&CategoryID=77. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
- ^ [2]
- ^ [3]
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